http://hdl.handle.net/11232/27 2026-04-26T13:03:50Z 2026-04-26T13:03:50Z Pirateque Perdomo, Pamela http://hdl.handle.net/11232/1624 2021-06-11T15:31:56Z

Los grupos armados residuales: la amenaza de los escenarios transformados en Colombia Pirateque Perdomo, Pamela The current article aims to carry out an analysis on political security to counteract the infuence of FARC dissidents, also known as the Grupos Armados Organizados Residuales - GAO-R (Residual Organized Armed Groups), taking into account their structural axis based on the contents and provisions set out in the Doctrina Damasco (Damascus Doctrine). Similarly, potential scenarios will be proposed regarding the fight against the GAO-R during the next ten years in the country El presente trabajo se propone realizar un análisis en torno a la política de seguridad para contrarrestar la influencia de las disidencias de las FARC, conocidas bajo el nombre de Grupos Armados Organizados Residuales (GAO-R), tomando como eje estructural los contenidos y disposiciones consignadas en la Doctrina Damasco. De igual modo, se plantearan escenarios prospectivos referentes a la lucha en contra de los GAO-R durante los próximos diez años en el país

Quevedo Pabón, Carlos Eduardo http://hdl.handle.net/11232/1623 2021-06-11T15:31:56Z

La influencia del diseño institucional del sistema electoral en el grado de pluralismo político de El Salvador y Guatemala durante el posconflicto Quevedo Pabón, Carlos Eduardo This research work aims to explain the effects that certain arrangements of the institutional design of the electoral system had in the cases of El Salvador and Guatemala within the Congress in two specifc periods. The frst took place in the nineties during the transition democracy and the second moment is situated in the decade of the two thousand when the democracies in El Salvador and Guatemala experienced the post confict stage in order to determine its infuence within the accentuation of the degree of political pluralism. The design of the research will have a mixed methodology so that the institutional arrangements of the electoral system will be analyzed and their relationship with the degree of political pluralism of the party system El presente trabajo de investigación pretende explicar los efectos que tuvieron ciertos arreglos del diseño institucional del sistema electoral en los casos de El Salvador y Guatemala dentro del Congreso en dos periodos en específico: El primero tiene lugar en la década de los noventa, durante la transición democrática, y el segundo momento se sitúa en la década del dos mil, cuando las democracias en El Salvador y Guatemala experimentaron el estadio del posconficto. Para poder determinar su influencia dentro de la acentuación del grado de pluralismo político. El diseño de la investigación tendrá una metodología mixta, de modo que se analizarán los arreglos institucionales del sistema electoral, y su relación con el grado de pluralismo político del sistema de partidos.

Serrano Cadena, Andrés http://hdl.handle.net/11232/1622 2021-06-11T15:31:56Z

Aumento del iva: una de las recomendaciones regresivas de la OCDE para Colombia Serrano Cadena, Andrés The colombian tributary system has reloaded the crisis on the middle class and the poorest levels of society, by increasing regressive and indirect taxes without taking into account their purchasing power as IVA. That increase has affected in deepening social economic issues in the country. For that reason, it will seek to investigate in how measure has affected the IVA increasing for the colombian people. This essay seek to examinate how IVA affects employment, inequality and poverty. For this will be taken as a basis the economical and demographical data of the Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE) according to extreme poverty, monetary poverty, unemployment and inequality index, using the Gini coeffcient. Taking that into account, with this essay is expected to fnd the relation between rise of indirect and regresive taxes over the people quality life and establish how the colombian social & economical conditions are affected by its application. El sistema tributario colombiano ha recargado la crisis en la clase media y en los sectores más pobres de la sociedad, mediante el aumento de impuestos regresivos e indirectos sin distingo de la capacidad adquisitiva de las personas como el IVA. Este aumento ha incidido en profundizar los problemas socio-económico en el país. Por tal motivo, se buscará indagar en qué medida ha afectado el aumento del IVA para los colombianos en estos factores. El presente ensayo busca examinar cómo incide el IVA en el empleo, la desigualdad y la pobreza. Para ello se tomarán como base los datos económicos y demográfcos brindados por el Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE) respecto a la pobreza extrema, pobreza monetaria y desempleo y la información concerniente con los índices de desigualdad, mediante el coefciente de Gini. Teniendo esto en cuenta, con el presente ensayo se espera encontrar la relación que existe entre el aumento de los impuestos regresivos e indirectos sobre la calidad de vida de las personas, y establecer cómo las condiciones socio-económicas del país se ven afectadas por su aplicación.

Ibarra, Rafael http://hdl.handle.net/11232/1051 2021-06-11T15:40:04Z

Extortion in Colombia 2003 - 2015 Ibarra, Rafael Extortion is the crime that has had the biggest growth in Colombia in the past few years, and it is among those that most affect the security perception in the country. Between 2003 and 2014 this crime grew by 136%, affecting all the departaments and 901 municipalities in the country, that is 81% of the municipalities, 70% of the reported extortion extortion cases concentrated in 57 municipalities whit over 100 thousand inhabitants. Common criminals were responsible for 74% of the cases, guerrillas for 11%, and the Bacrim for 5%, perpetrators of the 11per cent remaining cases could not be established. It is important to note that the black figure of this crime, i.e. cases ocurred but not reported, is one of the highest, in the criminal spectrum, and it is estimated to be around 80%. However, it is important to emphasize that between 2003 and 2010 extortion decreased in the country by 34%. It is as of 2010 that this crime reaches its biggest grwth. In fact, between 2010 and 2014 represent 46% of all cases in the last twelve years. By far 2013 and 2014 have been the worst years of all those analyzed, with 23% of the cases for the entire period. In fact, between 2003 and 2010 the number of municipalities affected by extortion decreased by 4%, between 2010 and 2014 the number of municipalities hit by this crime grew 82%, 86% of the 57 municipalities with more than 100 thousand inhabitants suffered from increases in extortion between 2010 and 2014, with an average growth of 354%. During the same period, the FARC increased the number of municipalities where they extort by 261%, going from 62 to 117 municipalities. Departaments with the highest rate of extortion per each 100 thousand inhabitants in 2014 were: Meta with 56.3, Casanare with 44.4, San Andrés with 34. Arauca with 25, Huila and Tolima with 22 and Caqueta with 21.